中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
在台海变局中塑造有利于统一的时与势******
(年终特稿)在台海变局中塑造有利于统一的时与势
中新社北京12月27日电 题:在台海变局中塑造有利于统一的时与势
中新社记者 路梅
2022年,“新时代党解决台湾问题的总体方略”是涉台领域热议话题。这一年,两岸关系愈发复杂严峻,“台独”分裂势力与外部势力的勾连挑衅,加剧了台海紧张局势升级。大陆方面采取有力措施坚决反“台独”、反干涉,同时仍强调以最大诚意、尽最大努力争取和平统一的前景,以强大的战略定力和扎实的作为,在变局中塑造有利于统一的时与势。
美台勾连制造台海局势紧张动荡
近年来,美国为遏制打压中国,频打“台湾牌”,纵容与支持民进党当局推行“台独”政策,加深介入台湾地区政治、经济及军事,民进党当局则甘做美国马前卒,充当美“以台制华”的筹码。
观察家们普遍看到,台海局势走向越来越系于中美博弈,为了打压遏制中国,美方怂恿台湾当局扮演更加激进对抗大陆的角色。美国纵容众议院议长佩洛西窜访台湾地区,加码对台军售,将包含为台提供“军事融资”等内容的“2023财年国防授权法案”签署成法,不仅严重损害中美关系,更令台海陷入危局。
有西方媒体形容台湾为“世界上最危险的地方”,岛内学者则忧心,美方试图让台湾成为“豪猪”“军事堡垒”或“巨大的军火库”,甚至“全民皆兵”,是把台湾推向两岸冲突的火线,对台湾很不利;民进党当局“倚美抗中”的路线,最终牺牲的是岛内民众的利益。
大陆坚决反“台独”反干涉 力度仍将加强
针对佩洛西窜台等美西方干涉行径,大陆方面采取了坚决的反制措施,在政治、经济、外交、法律及军事等方面,用“台独”势力、外国干涉势力能够听得懂的语言,展现了反干涉的坚定决心。
台海博弈是实力的较量。解放军的军事行动证明了大陆方面已具备在台海地区的联合封控能力及区域拒止能力,并从此打破台湾当局所谓的“海峡中线”。海峡两岸关系协会副会长孙亚夫曾向中新社分析指出,大陆方面所展现出来的总体态势、装备水平和技术能力,会促进形成新的战略态势,将大大有利于中国统一进程。
10月召开的中共二十大,在报告中强调反分裂、反干涉,大会通过的党章修正案中加入反“台独”等内容,体现了反对和遏制“台独”既是全党意志,也是人民心愿。中国社会科学院台湾研究所涉外关系研究室主任汪曙申认为,未来大陆对台工作会更加紧密地统筹反干涉和反“台独”两条战线,反干涉的斗争力度会进一步加强。
前路仍有风浪 “方略”是行动指南
11月底,民进党在台湾“九合一”选举中大败,凸显其“抗中保台”牌失效,但有分析认为,民进党并无反省之心,不会就此停止操弄两岸对立,台美勾连也呈现升级态势。
厦门大学台湾研究院院长李鹏对中新社指出,未来一段时间台海依然会风高浪急。2024年,美国的总统选举中,如果两党候选人竞相利用在台湾问题上的强硬和挑衅为自己加分;台湾地区领导人选举,如果公然声称和主张“台独”的候选人参选或当选,都将给台海局势带来更多变数,甚至掀起惊涛骇浪。
中国国家主席习近平在巴厘岛会晤美国总统拜登时强调,台湾问题是中国核心利益中的核心,是中美关系政治基础中的基础,是中美关系第一条不可逾越的红线。李鹏指出,无论何人何时破坏这条铁律,一定会招致大陆采取强烈反制措施。大陆的“工具箱”里还有很多工具,可以发挥有效反制作用。
李鹏表示,新时代党解决台湾问题的总体方略,是未来一个时期对台工作的根本遵循和行动指南,对持续塑造有利于国家统一的时与势具有重大意义,相信大陆方面有驾驭复杂局面、战胜风险挑战的综合实力和必胜信心。
塑造两岸互动新局 为和平统一创造条件
尽管受台湾当局阻挠和新冠疫情的不利影响,两岸民众希望交流合作、和平发展的呼声从未减弱。大陆推进高质量发展,为两岸经贸合作提供了新机遇,对台湾而言,大陆巨大的市场仍具有不可替代性。近日,两岸企业家峰会年会在厦门成功线下举办,台湾多个工商团体也在积极规划赴陆交流行程,对于两岸经贸合作的前景表达了信心与期待,让两岸经济“脱钩论”不攻自破。
二十大报告强调“造福台湾同胞”“坚定支持岛内爱国统一力量”,展现了大陆方面争取和平统一、争取台湾民心的诚意,也让台湾同胞对两岸和平发展更有信心。大陆方面持续致力于促进两岸经济文化交流合作,深化两岸各领域融合发展,将为和平统一打造更广阔民众基础。(完)
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎)